The human genome project might trace to 1984, at that time did the scientists at an American Utah ski paradise meeting, how discuss distinguish Japan Hiroshima bomb to bomb survivor's gene mutation. The United States Department of Energy Advisory commission urged the US in 1987 report to start the human gene research motion, and foresaw this research “in the breadth and the depth is extraordinary”, “provides the final manner a myself kind of book”. in 1988, an American federation reported that has authorized the human genome project, in 1990 the United States Congress started for the plan to provide the subsidization, the research draws up in 2005 September 30 finishes. At the same time, in research process public all discoveries. This plan's goal is: Determines 3,000,000,000 basic groups which in the human body genome team contains to order of rank; Determines in 24 pair of chromosomes the gene distributions; Draws up a molecular level the human anatomy chart; Does the human body gene's complete genetic information input gene bank, how help the scientist to grasp the related basic group to compose the gene, each gene function, their how mutual influence as well as controls person's life process. at that time, was not all scientists thought that this research has the feasibility, because must the technology nearly has not existed. After the plan starts in the initial several years, researcher mostly devotes to the development gene analysis method, the computation biology and the information storage technology therefore progresses rapidly. at the beginning of the plan implementation, distinguishes a basic group to probably spend 10 US dollars. A well-trained technician each working day may distinguish about 10,000 basic groups to be right. Now, a basic group to the determination expense has 5 cents, “the lightning type” robot each second may process 10,000 basic groups to be right.
On April 8, the American eastern summertime the same day zero spot, the global 16 laboratories will be last bit gene code through the email to transmit to a central database, walked the human genome project 13 years to explore on road's last step endlessly. 2:00 am, American Country Health Research institute chief, plans person in charge Collins to announce at a small celebration party which Washington suburb small town Bei Saisi reaches, human genome project official conclusion. henceforth, human genome project enters the history--Operation: in 1990; Completion: in 2003; Participational country: US, Britain, Germany, France, Japan and China; Wasting assets: 2,600,000,000 US dollars; Achievement: Discharges in the humanity genetic material about 3,000,000,000 genetic code order. the human genome project is called the life sciences “moon landing project”, difficulty it can be imagined. However progresses actually must be smoother than the expectation. Before this, the scientist two times had announced at least this plan's completion, but promotes is not an unabridged book, but is the human genome schematic diagram. This time, the scientist heats bamboo strips for writing material most newly the unabridged book “book of the life” only has also covered the human genome 99%. however , compares with the first two human genome's announcement, regardless of this time is scientific circles, the political circle, as if is much tranquiler. Just like perhaps is responsible for the human genome the scientist quotes when announcing the news the Shakespeare famous saying “the past was only the prologue”, scientists already busy aftertaste human genome's achievement, because more arduous duty also in front.
On April 14, the scientist has completed to human genome's sequence, i.e., they composed finally had been considered once that was book of the impossible human life; In this book, is containing human own many secrets; Contains is transforming the medicine, the understanding disease's key; Is containing all people to the life sciences transformation life earnest expectation. a brand-new life sciences time has begun the prologue.
Chinese Academy of Engineering academician Ba Denian this century is the life sciences century, takes the medicine, since long duty is preventing and curing disease. But, starts from the present, the medicine duty will be mainly maintains and strengthens people's health, improves people's quality of life. In this scope, in the past the medicine the one who faced was the patient, what now the medicine will face was the entire crowd, beforehand medicine in hospital, but in Europe, North America, some half of doctors already left the hospital now, they in the community, with the common people lived in together, instructed common people's health care, the medical service, how was instructing the there people correct life more importantly. Our country also has 97% doctors now in the hospital. Along with the time development, doctor will probably also move toward the society gradually, walks into the crowd. In this sense, China's doctor resources deployment, must change inevitably. Now China did not have a concept, is leads to the emergency room fast, the green passage. The construction emergency medical treatment is fast, the green channel is completely essential. The convenience goes see a doctor the idea will be future direction. many countries already started "Cognitive death Law" execution, after the cognitive death, organ organization, cell, because has the circulation support also to live. If this deceased person has the very good style before death, proposed that gives to other people the internal organs, may make the kidney, liver's transplant.
The gene examination was not equal to that in the medicine the medicine disease diagnosis, the gene test result can tell you to have the high risk to suffer from some kind of disease, but did not mean that you already suffered from some kind of disease, or certainly will suffer from this kind of disease in the future. through the gene examination, may provide the personalized health instruction service, the personalized medication instruction service and the personalized physical examination to the people instructs the service. May before disease has several years, even several dozens years to carry on the accurate prevention, but is not the blind health care; The people may through the adjustment meals nutrition, the change life style, increase the physical examination frequency, accept the early diagnosis and so on many kinds of methods, dodges the environmental factor which effectively disease occurs. the gene examination not can only tell us to have high ahead of time is sick the risk, moreover also possibly explicitly instructs us to apply drugs correctly, avoids the medicine to our injury. Will change in the traditional passive medical service the chaotic medication, the invalid medication and the harmful medication as well as the blind health care aspect.
